Read the following passage carefully and give the answer of following questions.

Art both reflects and interprets the notion that produced it. Portraiture was the dominant theme of British painting up to the end of the eighteenth century because of a persistent demand for it. It would be unfair to say that human vanity and pride of possessions were the only reasons for this persistent demand, but certainly these motives played their part in shaping the course of British painting. Generally speaking, it is the artist's enthusiasm that accounts for the vitality of the picture, but it is the client who dictates its subject-matter. The history of national enthusiasms can be pretty accurately estimated by examining the subject-matter of a nation's art.
 There is one type of subject which recurs again and again in British painting of the late eighteenth century and the jart half of the nineteenth and which is hardly met with in the jart of any other country ---- the sporting picture, or rather the picture in which a love of outdoor life is directed into the channel of sport. The sporting picture is really an extension of the conversation piece. In it the emphasis is even more firmly based on the descriptive side of painting. It made severe demands on the artist and it must be-confessed that painters capable of satisfying these demands were rare. The ability to paint a reasonably convincing landscape is not often combined with the necessary knowledge of horses and dogs in movement and the power to introduce a portrait when necessary. To weld such diverse elements into a satisfactory aesthetic unity requires exceptional ability. It is not surprising, therefore, that while sporting pictures abound in England, especially in the private collections of country squires, not many of them are of real importance as works of art. What makes the sporting picture worth noting in, a history of British painting is the fact that it is as truly indigenous and as truly popular a form of art in England as was the religious ikon in Russia.

The sporting picture lays more stress on-

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

The Union Budget, 2018-19, has proposed to treat school education holistically without (1)__________ from pre-nursery to Class 1b: Samagra Shiksha - an overarching programme for the school education sector extending from pre-school to class 12 has been, therefore, (2) ______ with the broader goal of improving school effectiveness measured in terms of equal opportunities (3) _______ schooling and equitable learning outcomes. The Goal SDG-4.1 states that, “By 2030, ensure that all boys and girls complete free, equitable and quality primary and secondary education (4) _______ to relevant and effective learning outcomes”. Further the SDG 4.5 states that, “By 2030, eliminate gender (5)___________ in education and ensure equal access to all levels of education and vocational training for the vulnerable, including persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples and children in vulnerable situations”.

Select the most appropriate option to fill blank 3.

Rewrite the sentence in indirect speech.

"Where do you live?", said the stranger.

You have brief passages with 10 questions following each passage. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each question out of the four alternatives

There is a general consensus that ‘International Understanding’ need to be taught as a separate subject at the school stage as that would add to the curricular load which is already too heavy. Instead it should be woven into the curriculum and the numerous opportunities that present themselves while teaching normal school subjects may be intelligently and imaginatively used by the teacher to promote International Understanding.

The school subjects which can be most profitably used for this purpose are History, Geography, Civics, Economics, Sociology, Political Science, Social Sciences, Languages as well as Physical and Life Sciences. However, at the higher education level, international education can be prescribed as a separate subject of study. In fact, the present situation in India broadly conforms to this consensus so far as the school stage is concerned.

At the under-graduate and the post-graduate levels, courses of study in subjects like History, Geography, Economics, Political Science, International Relations, International Law and International Organization have been prescribed by most of the universities and these contain content which has a direct or indirect bearing on promoting UNESCO ideals

Which word from the passage is the opposite of the word – narrow?

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Read the passage carefully and select the most appropriate option to fill in each blank.

Everything (1) _________ us makes our environment. Living and non-living things form the (2) _________ of our surroundings. Plants, animals and microbes are parts of our environment. Humans have affected the environment in multiple (3) ______ like clearing of forests, building houses and farms, making roads, etc. This is the root (4) _______ of air, water and land pollution on the planet. Ecologists across the globe are making efforts to educate mankind about the (5) _________ of nature, the crisis we face and the methods of managing these crises.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number 4.

In the following passage, some words have been deleted. Fill in the blanks with the help of the alternatives given. Select the most appropriate option for each blank.

Tourism is one (1)______ the biggest businesses in the world, generating (2)______ 200 million jobs. It is vital for the economies of (3)______ countries. The downside is that tourism is a major (4)______ of climate change through the carbon (5)______ it causes.

Select the most appropriate option to fill in blank number (3).

Directions : In the following question, sentences are given with blanks to be filled in with an appropriate word(s). Four alternatives are suggested for each question. Choose the correct alternative out of the four as your answer.

Many women in developing countries experience a cycle of poor health that ______ before they are born.

Select the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom.
Crocodile tears