Pokhran is a city and a municipality located in Jaisalmer district in the Indian State of Rajasthan. It is a remote location in the Thar desert region and served as the test site for India’s first underground nuclear weapon detonation.

It shot into the international limelight on 7th September 1974, when the then Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi verbally authorised scientists at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) at Trombay to detonate small and miniaturised nuclear device. Throughout its development, the device was formally called the Peaceful Nuclear Explosive (PNE) by Indian Government, but it was usually referred to as the Operation ‘Smiling Buddha’. On 11th May of 1998, 24th year after the first operation, the Atomic Energy Commission of India and the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) carried out the joint operation, known as Pokhran-ll. The AEC India detonated its four devices as part of the underground nuclear testing on Pokhran Test Range.

The year 26th January was celebrated as Independence Day was 1930. On this day in 1930, the Indian National Congress, under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, declared Purna Swaraj, or complete independence, as opposed to the dominion status offered by the British government. The day marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement against British rule in India. While 26th January continued to be celebrated as Independence Day in subsequent years, it later became Republic Day after India adopted its constitution on January 26, 1950.

Answer: A) DRAM Explanation: Memory refresh is the process of periodically reading information from an area of computer memory and immediately rewriting the read information to the same area without modification, for the purpose of preserving the information. Memory refresh is a background maintenance process required during the operation of semiconductor dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), the most widely used type of computer memory.