The Sahitya Akademi Award for Hindi in 2016 was won by Nasira Sharma for her novel "Paarijat." Therefore, the correct option is:

(C) Nasira Sharma

The Dronacharya Award is a prestigious sports coaching honor in India, named after a legendary figure from Indian mythology. It is presented annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports to recognize outstanding coaches for their contributions to sports. The award is given in two categories: Regular Dronacharya Award for consistent coaching excellence and Lifetime Achievement Dronacharya Award for individuals with a lifelong dedication to coaching and remarkable results. It serves as a recognition of the crucial role coaches play in nurturing athletes and advancing sports in the country.

Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, the former Indian President, received the Bharat Ratna award in the year:

(C) 1997

The Dadasaheb Phalke Award for the year 2019 was conferred upon actor Amitabh Bachchan. Therefore, the correct option is:

(D) Amitabh Bachchan

Writer and Congress MP Shashi Tharoor was named among the winners for Sahitya Akademi Awards. He won the prestigious literature award for his novel 'An Era of Darkness' in the creative non-fiction category in English literature. The novel which was published in 2016 describes British rule in India.

(D) The most conspicuous bravery or self-sacrifice on land, air, or sea but not in the presence of the enemy.

The Ashoka Chakra is a peacetime military decoration awarded for acts of the most conspicuous bravery or some daring or pre-eminent act of valor or self-sacrifice on land, at sea, or in the air. It is not specific to actions in the presence of the enemy, distinguishing it from some other military decorations.

The Human Development Report (HDR) is released by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). The report is an annual publication that measures and analyzes various aspects of human development, including factors such as life expectancy, education, and income. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of human development globally and to stimulate dialogue and policy changes to improve human well-being.