1. The Justify Alignment option in MS Word 2010 aligns each line of the paragraph between the left and right margins and produces straight edges on the left and right margins.

2. Using justify alignment, both sides of each line are aligned with the margins. This creates a uniform text width with uniform spacing.

1. E-governance refers to the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to increase the reach and efficiency of public services.

2. “E” in e-governance stands for ‘electronic’.

3. E-governance can be defined as the application of information and communication technology (ICT) to provide government services, exchange of information, transactions, and integration of pre-existing services and information portals.

1. Booting is a type of start-up sequence that starts the computer's operating system when the system is switched on.

2. This process involves some set of operations, which are performed when the computer is switched on. Knowing the boot sequence is important for optimizing and troubleshooting the computer.

3. It can be initiated by hardware such as a button press, or by software commands.

4. After it is started, there is no software in the main memory of the computer's central processing unit (CPU), so the software must be loaded into memory before it can be executed by some process.

Designed and launched by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI).

1. UPI (Unified Payments Interface): UPI is a mobile-based payment system that allows users to transfer money from their bank accounts to any other bank account instantly and securely.

2. RuPay: RuPay is India's own payment card. It has been developed by the National Payments Corporation of India.

3. Bharat QR: Bharat QR is a standard QR code that can be used to make payments in India. It has been developed by the National Payments Corporation of India.

4. Bharat Bill Payment System (BBPS): BBPS is a bill payment system that allows users to pay electricity, water, gas and other bills from their mobile. It has been developed by the National Payments Corporation of India.

1. The operating system runs on computer hardware and provides the platform to run other software.

2. The computer takes the help of various devices and programs to do its work. There is a separate and special computer program to handle these devices and programs, this special master program is known as the operating system.

3. Operating System, in short form is called OS, is a computer program which operates other computer programs. The operating system acts as an intermediary between users and the computer system. It explains our instructions to the computer. Other software programs and hardware are operated through the operating system.

1. In Microsoft PowerPoint, the Ctrl + D shortcut key inserts a duplicate of the selected slide.

2. Ctrl+D is a keyboard shortcut used in many computer programs to perform various tasks. In a web browser, pressing Ctrl+D adds the current webpage to your bookmarks or favourites list.

3. In Microsoft Excel and Google Sheets, pressing Ctrl+D fills a cell and overwrites it with the contents of the cell in a column above it.

by will replace with because – by (Prep.) is used for indicating the agent/object after a Passive Verb Agent/Object → his friend Passive Verb → accompanied With (Prep.) indicates being in the company of Look at the examples given below : His friend stayed with him in the hospital. He was knocked down by a bus. Hence, by his friend is the right usage.

for will replace since because – for (Prep.) indicates a length of time Since (Prep.) indicates a past time until a later time, or until now Look at the examples given below : I have lived in Bangalore for twenty-five years. I had been living in Bangalore since 1964. Hence, for ten years before moving to their present house is the right usage.