1. Jainism and Buddhism originated during the later Vedic period when the people were developing into Mahajanapadas.

2. Jainism was founded by Rishabhdev who was born in Ayodhya and his symbol was the bull.

Sl. No.          - Name                         -  Symbol         - Birthplace

1                Rishabhnath (Adinath)   Bull                    Ayodhya

2                Ajitnath                              Hathi                 Ayodhya                                           

22              Neminath                          Shankh               Dwarka

23            Parshvanath                       snake                  Kashi

24           Mahavir Singh                   Sher                 Kshatriyakund

The Preamble reveals the nature of Indian state: It declares India to be a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic and Republican polity. Words Socialist, Secular, Integrity were added by 42nd amendment on the recommendation of Sardar swarn singh committee constituted by the late PM Indira Gandhi.

1. It starts from the beginning of winter and continues till the beginning of summer (October–December to April–June).

2. Rabi crops include wheat, barley, gram, oats, mustard, linseed, potato and oilseeds.

3. Availability of rainfall during winter months due to western temperate cyclones helps in the success of these crops.