A joint session of Parliament is conducted when both Rajya Sabha and Lok Sabha are against a bill that is either already passed or will be passed by the parliament. According to Article 108 of the Indian Constitution, only the President of India can summon the joint sitting of the Parliament.

A welfare state is a state that is committed to providing basic economic security for its citizens by protecting them from market risks associated with old age, unemployment, accidents, and sickness.

Cripps MissionIn March 1942, a mission headed by Stafford Cripps was sent to India with constitutional proposals to seek Indian support for the World War II.

First President's rule in India. First President Rule in India in Hindi. It was imposed on 10 March 1951.

When India became a republic in 1950, Prasad was elected as its first president by the Constituent Assembly. As president, Prasad established a tradition for non-partisanship and independence for the office-bearer and retired from Congress party politics.

The original text of the Constitution contained 395 articles in 22 parts and eight schedules. It came into effect on January 26, 1950, the day that India celebrates each year as the Republic Day. The number of articles has since increased to 448 due to 100 amendments.

The functions of the Committee shall be to consider and advise on such matters concerning the affairs of the House as may be referred to it by the Chairman from time to time. The Report of the Committee shall be presented to the Council by the Deputy Chairman or in his absence, by any Member of the Committee.