Vitamin D is often referred to as the "sunshine vitamin" because our bodies can produce it in response to sunlight exposure. When our skin is exposed to sunlight, it synthesizes vitamin D, which is important for bone health and various other bodily functions.

Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, discovered on 28 February 1928, that when a beam of coloured light entered a liquid, a fraction of the light scattered was of a different color, dependent on material property. This radiation effect of molecular scattering of light bears the name of ‘Raman Effect’, from which many applications in photonic communications and spectroscopy evolved. The Raman Effect is the process of scattering light particles by molecules of a medium.

convex lenses are used in the human eye to help focus light onto the retina, allowing us to see clearly. The natural lens in the human eye is flexible and can change its shape, allowing it to adjust the focal length and focus on objects at different distances. This process is called accommodation and is essential for clear vision.