1. The Constituent Assembly passed the Constitution of India on November 26, 1949, but it came into force on January 26, 1950. India came into existence as a Republic on January 26, 1950.

2. The Constituent Assembly was established on December 9, 1946, to frame the Constitution of India. There were a total of 389 members in the Constituent Assembly, out of which 299 members were from the Indian National Congress. The Constituent Assembly drafted the Constitution in 2 years, 11 months and 18 days.

3. The Constitution of India is a written constitution. It is the longest-written constitution in the world. It consists of 395 articles, 8 schedules and 12 schedules. The Constitution sets out the structure, powers and functions of the Government of India. It also ensures the rights and freedoms of the citizens.

Answer: C) Art-22 Explanation: Article-22 :: Protection against arrest and detention. No person who is arrested shall be detained in custody without being informed of the grounds for such arrest nor shall he be denied the right to consult and to be defended by a legal Practioner of his choice.

The incorrect statement about Habeas Corpus among the options provided is: "Only the detained person can apply for the writ."

In reality, Habeas Corpus can be applied for by anyone, not just the detained person. This legal remedy is often used to protect individuals from unlawful detention, and friends, family members, or even organizations can file a petition for the writ on behalf of the person being held. So, the correct answer is the third statement, "Only the detained person can apply for the writ."

In parliamentary systems of government, the Prime Minister often serves as the key channel of communication between the head of state (such as the President or Monarch) and the council of ministers or cabinet. The Prime Minister is typically the leader of the executive branch and is responsible for coordinating government policies and decisions.