Structural equation modeling (SEM) deals with state change in ecology.

1. Pind Mand Plain is situated in the Banas-Ban Ganga basin.

2. Pind Mand Plain: The mound-like part of the desert near Devgarh (Rajsamand) in the Aravalli mountain range is called Pind Mand Plain.

1. Chambal River is a major river flowing in Central India. This river mainly flows in Madhya Pradesh, but some of it also flows in Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. Chambal River is a tributary of the Yamuna River.

2. Chambal River originates from Janapav mountain in the Gwalior district of Madhya Pradesh. This river flows northwards and passes through the Chittorgarh, Dholpur and Sawai Madhopur districts of Rajasthan. After this, the river flows through the Dhar, Ujjain, Ratlam, Mandsaur, Bhind and Morena districts of Madhya Pradesh. Finally, this river joins the Yamuna River in the Etawah district of Uttar Pradesh.

3. The length of the Chambal River is approximately 960 kilometers. This river is the biggest tributary of the Yamuna River. The catchment area of the Chambal River is approximately 72,000 square kilometres.

4. Chambal river water is used for irrigation, hydropower generation and water transportation. Four major dams have been built on the Chambal River, including Gandhi Sagar Dam (Madhya Pradesh), Rana Pratap Sagar Dam, Jawahar Sagar Dam and Kota Barrage (Rajasthan). These dams provide water for irrigation and also generate hydroelectricity.

Vertisol (Black Soil):

Due to the presence of excessive clay in it, it has the characteristics of clayey soil.

-It extends to Jhalawar, Kota, Bundi, Bandra districts. (Soils of Rajasthan)