There are five writs issued by courts in India- Habeas corpus, Certiorari, Mandamus, Prohibition, and Quo warranto.

1. Under Article 280 of the Constitution of India, the President is required to constitute a Finance Commission at the end of every five years or at such earlier time as the President considers necessary.

2. The Finance Commission is a 'constitutional body' constituted by the President of India.

3. Who gives his advice to the President on the states' share in the taxes of the Centre?

4. K.C. Niyogi was the first Chairman of the Finance Commission.

India is a republic because the head of the state, the President, is elected by an electoral college for a fixed term of five years. This democratic process ensures that the highest office in the country is not hereditary but held through periodic elections, reflecting the nation's commitment to representative governance and equality.